碳氢真空清洗机的工作原理及设计特点

　　Working principle and design characteristics of hydrocarbon vacuum cleaning machine

　　碳氢真空清洗机组成：真空碳氢设备由清洗干燥机主体、超声波系统、真空脱气系统、循环过滤系统、机械臂系统，真空干燥系统、真空蒸馏回收系统、HC浓度监测系统、自动灭火系统及电气控制系统等。

　　Composition of Carbon Hydrogen Vacuum Cleaning Machine: The vacuum carbon hydrogen equipment consists of a cleaning and drying machine body, ultrasonic system, vacuum degassing system, circulating filtration system, mechanical arm system, vacuum drying system, vacuum distillation recovery system, HC concentration monitoring system, automatic fire extinguishing system, and electrical control system.

　　1．真空清洗工作原理：

　　1. Working principle of vacuum cleaning:

　　清洗剂中残存的气体较多，含气量是水的8-10倍，超声波振动子发出的高周波遇到气体（残存氧气）就会衰减，影响了超声波的精密清洗效果。超声波空化效应也难以展开，因此需要真空脱气。首先清洗篮进入清洗槽。这时气缸驱动槽盖自动关闭清洗槽，真空脱气系统启动，将槽内空气抽尽，在真空状态下可以将需要清洗的产品的狭小缝隙内气体及含在清洗剂中的气体抽出，超声波启动，摇摆装置启动，带动洗篮转动，使清洗剂可以充分进行清洗；到设定的时间后，真空释放，缸盖打开，清洗篮进入下一槽。

　　There are more residual gases in the cleaning agent, with a gas content 8-10 times that of water. The high-frequency waves emitted by the ultrasonic oscillator will attenuate when encountering gas (residual oxygen), which affects the precision cleaning effect of the ultrasonic waves. The ultrasonic cavitation effect is also difficult to develop, so vacuum degassing is required. Firstly, the cleaning basket enters the cleaning tank. At this point, the cylinder drives the slot cover to automatically close the cleaning slot, and the vacuum degassing system is activated to exhaust the air inside the slot. Under vacuum, the gas in the narrow gaps of the products that need to be cleaned and the gas contained in the cleaning agent can be extracted. The ultrasonic wave is activated, the swinging device is activated, and the washing basket is driven to rotate, so that the cleaning agent can be thoroughly cleaned; After the set time, the vacuum is released, the cylinder head opens, and the cleaning basket enters the next slot.

　　2．真空蒸馏回收原理：

　　2. Principle of vacuum distillation recovery:

　　1)加热：采用导热油间接加热方式。槽体下部外附一个加热油包，外置一个导热油加热箱，加热功率为12kW。首先由发热管对导热油进行加温，再通过泵浦将加热油输送到加热油包，经过热交换后再输送回加热箱加热，如此循环。加热油包有独立的温控系统，油温R.T.～140℃可调。

　　1) Heating: Indirect heating method using thermal oil. There is a heating oil package attached to the lower part of the tank, and an external heat transfer oil heating box with a heating power of 12kW. Firstly, the heat transfer oil is heated by a heating tube, and then the heating oil is pumped to the heating oil package. After heat exchange, it is transported back to the heating box for heating, and so on. The heating oil package has an independent temperature control system, and the oil temperature can be adjusted from R.T. to 140 ℃.

　　2)需要回收的清洗剂（溶剂1）经过泵抽入真空蒸馏回收槽，进入真空回收槽之前，首先进入一个热交换筒，在此与蒸馏回收的HC蒸汽管进行热交换。经过抽真空后，清洗剂迅速沸腾并蒸发，产生HC蒸汽，然后可在冷凝区进行冷凝回收，回收的纯净清洗剂排入储液槽，循环使用，具有自动补液循环和漂洗使用功能。

　　2) The cleaning agent (solvent 1) that needs to be recycled is pumped into the vacuum distillation recovery tank. Before entering the vacuum recovery tank, it first enters a heat exchange cylinder where it exchanges heat with the HC steam tube recovered by distillation. After vacuuming, the cleaning agent quickly boils and evaporates, producing HC vapor, which can then be condensed and recovered in the condensation zone. The recovered pure cleaning agent is discharged into the storage tank for recycling, with automatic replenishment circulation and rinsing functions.

　　3)强力真空减压系统，配备真空减压泵，真空显示表。真空马达为西门子，设有电磁阀。真空蒸馏回收能力为200L/H，常温常压下，碳化水素的沸点为172℃，减压情况下，可以降低沸点，高温碳化水素在减压条件下迅速形成HC蒸汽，被真空泵一起抽出回收槽，在冷却箱内再形成液体，经过活性碳过滤，称为再生液，可以循环使用。碳氢真空清洗干燥机经过碳氢真空清洗机的清洗，完全可以达到精密工业部件的清洗要求。

　　3) Powerful vacuum pressure reducing system, equipped with vacuum pressure reducing pump and vacuum display gauge. The vacuum motor is Siemens and equipped with an electromagnetic valve. The vacuum distillation recovery capacity is 200L/H. At room temperature and pressure, the boiling point of carbonated water is 172 ℃. Under reduced pressure, the boiling point can be lowered. High temperature carbonated water quickly forms HC vapor under reduced pressure, which is pumped out of the recovery tank by a vacuum pump and forms a liquid in the cooling box. After being filtered by activated carbon, it is called regeneration liquid and can be recycled. The hydrocarbon vacuum cleaning and drying machine can fully meet the cleaning requirements of precision industrial components after being cleaned by the hydrocarbon vacuum cleaning machine.

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